What Is Irreecha in Ethiopia?

Irreecha (also spelled Irrecha or Irreechaa) is one of the most important annual thanksgiving festivals of the Oromo people, Ethiopia’s largest ethnic group. It is a cultural and spiritual celebration to give thanks to Waaqa (the Oromo supreme deity) for the blessings of the past year—especially the end of the rainy season, the blooming of flowers, and the promise of a bountiful harvest. It is non-violent, inclusive, and deeply tied to nature.

When Is Irreecha Celebrated?

Main celebration: Usually held at the end of September or early October, right after the rainy season.

Location-specific events:

Irreecha Birraa — celebrated on the first Sunday of October at Hora Harsadii (Lake Hora Arsadi) in Bishoftu (Debre Zeit), about 40 km south of Addis Ababa.

Irreecha Finfinnee (Irreecha Melka) — now celebrated annually in Addis Ababa, especially for Oromo communities living in the capital.

Where Does it Take Place?

Hora Harsadii (Lake Hora Arsadi) is the spiritual heart of Irreecha.

Thousands — even millions — of people gather here dressed in traditional white clothing decorated with colorful patterns.

They carry green grass and flowers, which symbolize life and fertility.

Participants dip the grass in water and sprinkle it over themselves and others, expressing gratitude and renewal.

The Ritual and Symbolism

Green Grass and Flowers: The central ritual involves participants wading to the riverbanks or shores of the lake, holding bunches of fresh green grass and flowers. These are symbols of life, fertility, peace, and flourishing.

Ritual Offering: Participants dip or immerse the green grass and flowers into the water while offering prayers and thanks to Waaqa, sometimes sprinkling the blessed water on themselves.

Attire: Participants wear colorful and elaborate Oromo traditional attire, emphasizing white clothes to symbolize purity and peace, turning the gathering into a spectacular cultural carnival.

For Travelers

If you plan to attend:

• Go early to Bishoftu — crowds can reach over a million people.
• Expect colorful processions, chanting, music, and dancing.
• Dress modestly and respectfully; visitors are welcome but should follow the community’s lead.
• Bring water, sunscreen, and comfortable shoes — celebrations last all day.

Summary

Irreecha is more than a festival—it is the heartbeat of Oromo culture, a moment when millions gather in peace to thank Waaqa, celebrate life, and reaffirm their identity. It blends spirituality, ecology, and community in one of Ethiopia’s most vibrant traditions.